Kali Essays - Hindu Goddesses, Mother Goddesses, Mahavidyas

Kali Essays - Hindu Goddesses, Mother Goddesses, Mahavidyas Kali Misericordia University Kali Painting Kali has many aspects to look at as a whole. Some of these aspects are very grotesque and somewhat disturbing to look at such as the blood and skulls that are strewn throughout the painting. There is also a beautiful factor of the painting and that comes with the symbolism behind the different aspects of the goddess Kali. All which appear to perfectly balance each other within its symbolism. The technical aspects of the painting also appear to be more complicated than they do at first site. The Story A portion of what makes this painting grotesque is the back story of the goddess Kali. To aid her son in his endeavor to rid the three worlds of the multiplying demon, Raktabija, Parvati entered the cosmic battlefield as the dreaded goddess Kali - dark as death, gaunt with sunken eyes, gaping mouth, with long disheveled hair covering her naked body. Kali spread her tongue over the battlefield and licked the demon's falling blood, catching it on her long, outstretched tongue before any drop could find its way to the ground springing a demonic life again. Raktabija, without being able multiply his numbers by the blood was left powerless. Skanda was able to destroy Raktabija and all his remaining spawn with little difficulty. Skanda thanked his mother for her timely help. To celebrate her victory, Kali danced wildly on the battlefield, bedecking herself with a garland of served heads and a girdle of severed hands. Shiva Calms Kali Intoxicated with Raktabija's blood, Kali ran across the three worlds, destroying everything and everyone in her sight. To restrain her, Shiva took the form of a corpse and blocked her path. As the goddess, blinded by bloodlust, she tripped on his lifeless body and was jolted out of her frenzy. She wondered if she had killed her own husband. She placed a foot on Shiva's chest and brought him back to life. Shiva then took the form of a little child and began to cry, stirring maternal love in the heart of Kali. This forced her to shed her fierce form; Kali became Gauri, the radiant mother, bestower of life. The Grotesque The grotesque identifies a class of imagery that has never fit comfortably within the normal boundaries of society and is a questionable term from the start as it is different and has different levels based on ones perspective (Connelly, 2003). Kali appears to be a deformed human with a human like body but numerous arms that each holding some sort of grotesque object. In one arm she is holding a sword and in another is the head of a demon that she has slain. Blood covers most of Kalis face and chest as she stands on the chest of her husband Shiva, blood drips from many of the severed head and hands that adorn the body in the painting and it also shows the dripping of blood from Kalis mouth down her chest and eventually down her legs but never touching the ground. The remaining arms are outstretched to her worshippers and again have pools of blood in them. All these aspects are outside the normal boundaries that western society deems acceptable (Connelly, 2003). Kali is an abomination that fits into no normal or established reality. She had numerous accessories to her wardrobe that are decapitated and decomposing heads and limbs all which are grotesque in nature. Beauty in the Grotesque Thus far the painting portrays only the grotesque as we perceive it. There is however, a beautiful aspect of the paintings found behind the symbolism of the disturbing image. The painting shows the goddess Kali as being naked or void of clothing. Many would find the very aspect of nudism as being disturbing but the symbolism behind it is that she is void of clothing just like she is void of illusionary coverings The fifty heads that make up the garland seem once again very disturbing however the heads merely stand for the fifty letters of the Sanskrit alphabet which in turn symbolize infinite knowledge which isnt nearly as disturbing as it could be if it symbolized something to the extent of fifty heads of battle. It also, knowing some of the background of the goddess, could possibly

Eugene Debs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Eugene Debs - Assignment Example The Audubon Park is built in a 5,023 square-foot piece of land and is the first in Los Angeles City to be fully powered by on-site solar systems. Moreover, the building uses less water than any other conventional structure of its size. This paper is going to explore the Audubon Center and green building by describing what I saw and learned. The paper will also highlight the importance of green buildings for sustainability, particularly in Los Angeles, by discussing what kinds of changes and alternatives could be implemented in my home or on my college campus. Audubon Center Recently, I visited Audubon Center at Debs Park and learnt a lot regarding environmental conservation. I discovered that in order to conserve the environment, one has to put in place various significant issues. For instance, on assessing the Audubon Center, I concluded that virtually every aspect of the building, from ground floor to the rooftop, was custom-made to conform to the stringent requirements. Where need be, recycled materials including melted down handguns and scrap metal were adversely used in the rebar to act as strengthening materials to the concrete blocks and floors. Organic materials were also significantly embraced. This is demonstrated in all aspects, from the carpeting of Mexican agave plant, to cabinets and desks made of wheat board and sunflower board. Audubon Center uses a fully solar-powered air conditioning system thus meeting various goals of broad-based environmental movement that not only encourages the use of clean energy technologies, but also brings presence of nature close to people who rarely leave urban centers to travel to nature. I discovered that the solar power that cost about $90,000 and is about 10 tons uses an 800-square foot array of Chinese Sunda vacuum tube solar harvesters, each having a copper heat pipe and an aluminum nitride absorber plate that harvests the solar radiation. I found out that the Sunda tubes work on a principle of heat-pipe, whic h asserts that water under low pressure in tubes is normally heated and is transformed to a vapor that eventually flows up to the condensation section of the tube. Ultimately, water is heated and flows to the manifold that connects all the tubes, thus transferring thermal energy from the collectors to the hot water storage tank through insulated pipes. There are several things that can be done in my home area to conserve energy. Firstly, in order to achieve the requirements for the platinum Rating, my community must ensure that it constructs a building that would meet the fundamental requirement of green building by earning a minimum of 52 sustainability points out of the possible 69. I would advice my community that points are awarded on basically everything from the selection of site to the building materials used to being innovative in interior design by having indoor finishing that are environmentally friendly. It is worth noting that the Audubon Center at Debs Park scooped 53 L EED points. A major fraction of the points came from its efficiency in water system as well as renewable energy sources. I would also insist on using the locally manufactured and harvested materials which may include wood, sheet metal, paving materials, landscape plantings and concrete, since these are stressed by the LEED program. On visiting the Audubon Center, I discovered

Manifest Destiny Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Manifest Destiny - Research Paper Example Native American tribes in the Southern colonies felt continued pressure from white expansionism, as whites continued to flood South Carolina, Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi in order to expand their highly lucrative commercial agriculture. With the founding of the United States in 1776, whites in North America began to develop a new sense of self and constructed a new identity that placed increasing emphasis on the superiority of whites over Native Americans. This developing sense of identity eventually coalesced in the ideology of Manifest Destiny, the belief that Americans had a divine directive and natural right to possess all land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific. In 1839, John L. Sullivan argued that America was to be the new temple of God on Earth, a Tabernacle with the soil for its floor and the skies themselves as its ceiling. American politicians and intellectuals used the language of Christianity and divine Providence to justify any actions that had to be taken in t he name of American expansion throughout North America (Sullivan, 1968, p.19). Thomas Paine, one of America's Founding right to aggressive nationalism was becoming inevitable. ... right to aggressive nationalism was becoming inevitable. Billington and Ridge (1982), indicated that "the true story of the occupation of North America is the story of a conquest, not of an uncontested march westward of Anglo-American frontiersmen" (p.18). This paper aims to analyze the historical phenomenon of Manifest Destiny, transformation of its ideology, its justifications and significance. MANIFEST IDENTITY AND PROVIDENCE As the Americans began to extend their territorial holdings in North America, Americans began to search for a rhetoric of justification for the expansion. The American justification for expansion included: the special mission of Providence, faux scientific laws of race and national development, national right, social duty, national defense and the extension of freedom (Weinberg, 1935, p.2). Among these, the special mission of Providence, and a belief the God was leading the United States to claim more and more land played a particularly important role in the development of expansionist ideology. National mission means that a Higher Power has created a special "destiny higher than [the nation's] own security and well-being", and as such, mere economic or security issues cannot provide the only justification for claiming land on the continent (Rossiter, 1971, p.44). Not only were the Americans fulfilling a special mission from God, the Americans also believed they were worshiping God t hrough their expansion. John L. Sullivan (1968) wrote in 1839, "The boundless future will be the era of American greatness. In its magnificent domain of space and time, the nation of many nations is destined to manifest to mankind the excellence of divine principles; to establish on earth the noblest temple ever

Mental Disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mental Disorder - Essay Example Mental Disorder and Treatment Modalities Through media, the general public often conveys an image of mental disorders as patients who are unpredictable, violent, and dangerous (Flores, 2008, p. 1). However, not all mental disorders portrayed these signs and symptoms, as in the case of major depression. Major depression is a serious medical condition that affects thoughts, feelings, behavior, mood, and physical health of approximately 5-8 percent of United State’s adult population (NAMI, 2009, 3). Among all the mental disorders, major depression is the most responsive to treatment. There are three types of treatment available for depression: medication, psychotherapy, and electroconvulsive therapy (NAMI, 2009, p. 8). Psychotherapy has been shown to be effective in treating depression (NAMI, 2009, p. 11). Under this therapy is the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy helps to modify the negative thinking of depressive patients by setting positive thou ghts and moods. Unlike any other method, CBT is considered to be the most rapid in producing obtained results. In fact, the average number of sessions the clients’ received is only 16 sessions.

My Nursing Journey and My Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay

Introduction My journey to nursing began with my personal healthcare experience, and has continued to evolve since entering the nursing program at State University. My personal philosophy of nursing is related my life experience and my personal philosophy of life. Using reflection-on-action, I have begun to understand the influences that have lead me to nursing. I discovered client and family centered care to be an important quality when I look at the influential nurses in my life. To develop a positive therapeutic nurse-client relationship, nurses must integrate all 5 dimensions of the therapeutic nurse-client relationship into their practice (CNO, 2006). When it comes to providing client-centered care, the dimensions of trust, empathy and respect are particularly important (CNO, 2006). Illness can be a traumatic experience for patients and their families, and it is important to be empathetic to the patient’s needs, while still trusting the patient to be an expert in their illness and car e. Client Centered Care Client centered care is what creates the foundation for the therapeutic nurse-client relationships. The Registered Nursing Association of Ontario (RNAO) recommends that nurses embrace the values of respect, human dignity, client as expert, and clients as leaders, to foster patient centered care (RNAO, 2002). A study done at Coventry University found that there were serious implications to care that was not family-center. Effective communication plays a large role in how the care is perceived by families and patients. It is extremely important for clients to receive constant and continual information from their healthcare professionals (Beckwitt, 2014). Relaying critical, sensitive information is difficult, but when t... ... Stories. Retrieved March 18, 2014 from http://stellabrunermethven.com/ Methven, M. (n.d.). Stella Joy. Thinking About Death. Retrieved March 18, 2014 from http://stellabrunermethven.com/ Miller, E. T. (2014). Why Passion Counts!. Rehabilitation Nursing, 39(2), 61. doi:10.1002/rnj.158 Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. (2002). Best Practice Guideline. Client Centered Cared. Retrieved March 18, 2014 from http://rnao.ca/bpg/guidelines/client-centred-care. Siviter, B. (2014). A culture where compassion is the expectation. Primary Health Care, 24(2), 16. Sullivan, P. (n.d.). Team Finn. Battles Are About How You Live. Retrieved March 18, 2014 from http://www.teamfinn.com/about-team-finn/battles-are-about-how-you-live/ Whitman, B., & Rose, W. (2003). Using art to express a personal philosophy of nursing. Nurse Educator, 28(4), 166-169.

Importance of English in Nepal

IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN NEPAL IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN NEPAL Nearly 4000 languages are spoken in the world. some language are confined in a small area. but some language are widely spoken. English language is an international language. it is spoken as native language is Canada,Australia,the USA and the UK. it is used as official language in some counties. such as in India and ,it is used as foreign language in most of the countries in the world.English language is that window through which we can peep the world easily. we need this language for our higher education. technical subjects are taught in english. most of the books in modern technology are found in english. if we have no knowledge of english,we can't study those books. many important and great books are written in engliah. we can enjoy reading various literary books in english. we can get a good job easily,if we have good command in spoken or written english. owadays we require english even to operate com puter. which is a compulsory thing in modern society. a pilot of international flight needs english for communication. english is the sky language in tourism. a person who can speak english can earn a good deal of money and prestige in society. english is a passport with that one can travel all over the world without any difficulty . because of these reasons,english is the most important language in the world. we should learn english language to make our future carrier bright.

The Passive Voice in German

The passive voice is used much less in German than in English, but it  is  used  Active and passive voice forms are not tenses. The active or passive voice can be in the present, past, future or any other tense.   To conjugate verbs in the passive voice, you must know the forms of  werden  (to become).  German uses  werden  Ã‚   the past participle, while English uses to be.A passive voice sentence may or may not include the agent (by whom something was done), for example von mir (by me) in this sentence:  Der Brief  wird  von mir  geschrieben. |  The letter is being written by me.If the agent is a person, it is expressed in German with a  von-phrase:  von Anna  (by Anna). If the agent is not a person, then a  durch-phrase is used:  durch den Wind  (by the wind).  Only transitive verbs (those that take a direct object) can be made passive. The direct object (accusative case) in the active voice becomes the subject (nominative case) in the passive voice. Active/Aktiv   Ã‚  Ã‚  Der Sturm  hat  das Haus  zerstà ¶rt. |  The wind storm destroyed the building. Passive/Passiv (no agent expressed)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Das Haus  ist zerstà ¶rt worden. |  The building was destroyed.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Passive/Passiv  (agent expressed) Das Haus  ist  durch den Sturm  zerstà ¶rt worden. |  The building was destroyed by the wind storm. False Passive (predicate adjective) Das Haus  ist zerstà ¶rt. |  The building is destroyed.Das Haus  war zerstà ¶rt. |  The building was destroyed. Note in the examples above: Except for the last false passive example, all the ACTIVE and PASSIVE sentences are in the same tense (present perfect/Perfekt).The ACTIVE verb form hat zerstà ¶rt changes to ist zerstà ¶rt worden in the PASSIVE.Although the normal past participle of werden is (ist) geworden, when the past participle is used with another verb, it becomes ist (zerstà ¶rt) worden.If the ACTIVE sentence contains a past participle (i.e., zerstà ¶rt), it will also appear, unchanged, in the PASSIVE sentence with worden.The agent (der Sturm) is not a person, so the PASSIVE voice sentence uses  durch  to express by — rather than  von. (Note: In everyday German, this rule is often ignored by native-speakers who may also use  von  for impersonal agents.)The preposition  von  is always dative, while  durch  is always accusative.  The false passive example is NOT in the passive voice. The past participle zerstà ¶rt is only being used as a predicate adjective, describing the condit ion of the building (destroyed). Vocabulary Note: Although it has little to do with the passive voice, a few vocabulary comments related to the examples above are in order. Besides house,  das Haus  can also refer to a building or structure. Second, although it has several meanings, German  Sturm  usually means a gale or a strong wind storm, as in Sturm und Regen (wind and rain). Because the two words are similar to English (cognates), it is easy to misunderstand their true meanings in German. Aus der Zeitung: Some slightly edited passive examples from a German newspaper with the passive verb bolded. Ein neues Einkaufszentrum soll in diesem Sommer erà ¶ffnet werden. (A new shopping center should be opening this summer.)  Er ist zum Mr. Germany gewà ¤hlt worden. (He was chosen Mr. Germany.)Es wurden zunà ¤chst keine genauen Zahlen genannt. (For the time being no exact figures were named/given.)Am Dienstag wurde im Berliner Schloss Bellevue gefeiert: Bundesprà ¤sident Johannes Rau wurde 70 Jahre alt. (On Tuesday in Berlins Bellevue Palace there was celebrating [it was celebrated]: Federal President Johannes Rau turned 70.) The passive voice in German is formed by combining the verb  werden  with the past participle of the verb you are making passive. To conjugate the verb forms in the passive voice, you use werden in its various tenses. Below are English-German examples of the passive in six different tenses, in the following order: present, simple past (Imperfekt), present perfect (Perfekt), past perfect, future and future perfect tenses. The Passive Voice  in Various Tenses English Deutsch The letter is (being) written by me. Der Brief wird von mir geschrieben. The letter was written by me. Der Brief wurde von mir geschrieben. The letter has been written by me. Der Brief ist von mir geschrieben worden. The letter had been written by me. Der Brief war von mir geschrieben worden. The letter will be written by me. Der Brief wird von mir geschrieben werden. The letter will have been written by me. Der Brief wird von mir geschrieben worden sein The passive voice is used more frequently in written German than in spoken German. German also uses several active-voice substitutes for the passive voice. One of the most common is the use of  man:  Hier spricht man Deutsch.   German (is) spoken here. -  Man sagt...   It is said... When a  man-expression is put into the passive, the agent is not expressed, because  man  (one, they) is no one in particular. Below are more examples of passive substitutes in German. Passive Voice Substitutes AKTIV PASSIV Hier raucht man nicht.One doesnt smoke here. Hier wird nicht geraucht.Theres no smoking here. Man reit die Straen auf.Theyre tearing up the streets. Die Straen werden aufgerissen.The streets are being torn up. Man kann es beweisen.One can prove it. Es kann bewiesen werden.It can be proved. Man erklrte mir gar nichts.Mir erklrte man gar nichts.No one explained a thing to me. Gar nichts wurde mir erklrt.Es wurde mir gar nichts erklrt.Mir wurde gar nichts erklrt.Nothing at all was explained to me. Notice: (1) The emphasis may be changed by placing different words first. (2) An indirect object (dative) pronoun (mir  in the last example) remains dative in either the active or passive voice. (3) In impersonal passive statements,  es  is often omitted, as in the last set of examples.